遥感影像并行处理的数据划分及其路径优化算法     

方雷  姚申君  包航成  康俊峰  刘婷 《测绘学报》2019,48(5):572-582

研究了一种基于数据划分的遥感影像并行处理的路径优化算法,用于解决将并行技术应用于海量遥感影像分布式存储和处理领域时其处理模型所具有的多路可达性所引起的路径动态、最优选择问题。在栅格数据可分解性分析及并行模型数据态、元素、相对信息量和映射等8个基本定义和6个性质的基础上,给出并行处理一般数学模型。以该模型为基础获得在一般并行处理情况下,以平均计算代价变量的比值作为控制横向并行与纵向并行选择方式的标志,并进一步给出四叉树索引并行生成、基于四叉树的目标检测并行处理等具体示例。最后,通过试验验证了算法的有效性,分析了算法的特点及影响因素。  相似文献   

高分辨率光学遥感场景分类的深度度量学习方法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

叶利华  王磊  张文文  李永刚  王赠凯 《测绘学报》2019,48(6):698-707

针对高分辨率光学遥感影像场景具有同类型内部差异大、不同类型间相似度高导致部分场景识别困难的问题，本文提出了一种深度度量学习方法。首先在深度学习模型的特征输出层上为每类预设聚类中心，其次基于欧氏距离方法设计均值中心度量损失项，最后联合交叉熵损失项以及权重与偏置正则项构成模型的损失函数。该方法的目标是在特征空间上使同类型特征聚集并扩大类型间的距离以提高分类准确率。试验结果表明，本文方法有效地提升了分类准确率。在RSSCN7、UC Merced和NWPU-RESISC45数据集上，与现有方法相比，分类准确率分别提高了1.46%、1.09%和2.51%。  相似文献   

机载WIDAS数据的Landsat卫星反照率初步验证   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何丹丹  焦子锑  董亚冬  张小宁  丁安心  尹思阳  崔磊  常雅轩 《遥感学报》2019,23(1):53-61

随着精细化监测的需求,中高空间分辨率的地表反照率产品逐渐成为气候模型的主要输入。目前,中高空间分辨率反照率产品的验证主要基于地表站点的通量塔观测数据,区域机载飞行数据的验证依然相对较少。因此,本文基于区域机载数据验证Landsat反照率产品。针对内蒙古自治区根河森林试验区所获取的机载红外广角双模式成像仪(WIDAS)多角度反射率数据,应用BRDF原型反演算法估算其反照率,分析了应用机载数据验证中高空间分辨率反照率产品的潜力。2016年内蒙古根河森林试验区机载WIDAS飞行多角度观测的可用多角度范围为25°,以前的研究表明BRDF原型反照率反演算法表现出对小观测角度的反照率反演结果的鲁棒性。因此,机载WIDAS反照率在一定程度可用于星载反照率的验证。首先,基于核驱动模型和各向异性平整指数(AFX)提取了试验区4种MODIS二向性反射分布函数(BRDF)原型;然后,将其作为先验知识应用到根河森林WIDAS机载数据的反照率反演中;最后,用WIDAS反照率和单个地面通量塔观测的反照率对Landsat卫星数据的反照率进行初步验证。验证结果表明Landsat反照率与WIDAS反照率结果较为一致,但略有低估,总体均方根误差(RMSE)约为0.02,偏差为0.0057。在多角度观测范围较小时,BRDF原型的反照率反演算法可为星载地表反照率的验证提供了一种有效的验证手段。  相似文献   

海表面温度时空变异特征及对验证误差影响     

蒋锦刚  徐曜  聂晨晖  潘骁骏  周斌 《遥感学报》2019,23(2):336-348

海洋要素的变化存在明显的区域性和季节性的变化特性,本文选择海洋要素中最为突出的海表面温度(SST)要素作为主要分析参数,设计时空变异参数的计算指标,分析时空变异对验证误差影响的关系,通过研究及试验的数据精度验证,证明了时空变异是造成误差的直接原因之一。强烈的时空属性变异,在验证过程中会引入很大的验证误差,处于不同变异等级区划的数据,其验证结果相对误差可达13.08%,变异越剧烈的区域,精度验证效果越差,验证误差就越大,这些误差并非完全是遥感产品的误差,验证结果不具有代表性,不能真实的反映遥感产品的误差特征。对于SST等海洋遥感产品验证时,需要考虑时空变异对验证误差的影响和贡献,合理选择验证试验区域、代表性的评价数据集和科学的评价方法。  相似文献   

基于时间序列叶面积指数稀疏表示的作物种植区域提取   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王鹏新  荀兰  李俐  王蕾  孔庆玲 《遥感学报》2019,23(5):959-970

以华北平原黄河以北地区为研究区域,以时间序列叶面积指数LAI(Leaf Area Index)傅里叶变换的谐波特征作为不同作物识别的数据源,利用稀疏表示的分类方法识别2007年—2016年冬小麦、春玉米、夏玉米等主要农作物种植区域。首先利用上包络线Savitzky-Golay滤波分别对2007年—2016年的时间序列MODIS LAI曲线进行重构,进而对重构的年时间序列LAI进行傅里叶变换,以0—5级谐波振幅、1—5级谐波相位作为作物识别的依据,基于各类地物的训练样本,通过在线字典学习算法构建稀疏表示方法的判别字典,对每个待测样本利用正交匹配追踪算法求解稀疏系数,从而计算对应于各类地物的重构误差,根据最小重构误差判定待测样本的作物类型,并对作物识别结果的位置精度进行验证。结果表明,2007年—2016年作物识别的总体精度为77.97%,Kappa系数为0.74,表明本文提出的方法可以用于研究区域主要作物种植区域的提取。  相似文献   

An improved building detection approach using L-band POLSAR two-dimensional time-frequency decomposition over oriented built-up areas     

Lei Deng  Ying He  Zhi-hui Mao  Jie Yu 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(1):1-21

The objective of this study is to efficiently extract detailed information about various man-made targets in oriented built-up areas using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) images. This paper develops an improved approach for building detection by utilizing Two-Dimensional Time-Frequency (2-D TF) decomposition. This method performs outstandingly in distinguishing between man-made and natural targets based on the isotropic behaviors, frequency-sensitive responses, and scattering mechanisms of objects. The proposed method can preserve the spatial resolution and exploit the advantages of TF decomposition; specifically, the exact outlines of buildings can be effectively located, and more types of features (e.g., flat roofs, roads, and walls that are oblique to the radar illumination) can be distinguished from forests in complex built-up areas by 2-D TF decomposition. The coarser-resolution subaperture images that are produced in the azimuth direction, which correspond to different looking angles, are beneficial for detecting man-made structures with main scattering centers oriented at oblique angles with respect to the radar illumination. In the range direction, the obtained subaperture images, which correspond to various observation frequencies, can be helpful in distinguishing flat roofs and roads from forests. This method was successfully implemented to analyze both NASA/JPL L-band AIRSAR and L-band EMISAR data sets. The building detection results of the proposed method exhibit a significant improvement over those of other methods and reach an overall accuracy over 80%, with approximately 20% higher than the accuracies of K-means clustering and the entropy/alpha-Wishart classifier and approximately 10% higher than the accuracy of the support vector machine method. Moreover, building details can be precisely detected, obliquely oriented buildings can be identified, and the distinction between buildings and forests is significantly improved, as both visually and statistically indicated. This method is highly adaptable and has substantial application value.  相似文献   

海洋防灾减灾信息共享的现状、问题和对策          下载免费PDF全文

龚茂珣  戴文娟  陈靓瑜  高静霞  张志伟  王蕾  孙杰 《海洋开发与管理》2019,36(10):8-11

为加快海洋防灾减灾信息共享,有力支撑海洋防灾减灾决策,文章概述我国海洋防灾减灾信息共享现状,分析存在的体制机制问题,并提出对策建议。研究结果表明;我国海洋防灾减灾工作的信息支撑主要包括海洋和气象观测监测信息、海洋预报信息、海洋防灾减灾对象及其主体信息以及救灾措施和政策法规信息,通过全国海洋科学数据共享平台等实现信息共享;针对目前海洋防灾减灾信息共享在组织领导机构、统筹规划协调、标准规范和技术支撑、服务意识以及专业人才等体制机制方面存在的不足,亟须组建信息管理机构、构建标准规范体系、开发信息共享平台、提高共享服务意识、培养专业技术队伍和实施考核激励办法。  相似文献   

新一代区域海-气-浪耦合台风预报系统   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷小途  李永平  于润玲  李泓  汤杰  段自强  郑运霞  方平治  赵兵科  曾智华  黄伟  鲍旭炜  喻自凤  陈国民  马雷鸣  骆婧瑶  张帅  林立旻 《海洋学报》2019,41(6):123-134

依托国家重点基础研究（973）计划项目"上层海洋对台风的响应和调制机理研究"，中国气象局上海台风研究所联合国家海洋局的相关单位，通过实施近海台风的外场观测科学试验、加强台风边界层（特别是海气相互作用）物理过程诊断分析及参数化方案等的研究，建立并改进了台风强度预报的海-气-浪耦合预报模式系统，并在此基础上发展了台风强度的集合预报技术，在历史典型台风个例和2016-2017年台汛期的业务化测试中表现出良好的预报性能。  相似文献   

Neptune Trojans: a Revisit and a New Membertwo     

Wu Rui-jun  Zhou Lei  Zhou Li-yong 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(2):262-277

Up to now, 17 Neptune Trojan asteroids have been detected with their orbits being well determined by continuous observations. This paper analyzes systematically their orbital dynamics. Our results show that except for two temporary members with relatively short lifespans on Trojan orbits, the vast majority of Neptune Trojans located within their orbital uncertainties may survive in the solar system age. The escaping probability of Neptune Trojans, through slow diffusion in the orbital element space in 4.5 billion years, is estimated to be ～50%. The asteroid 2012 UW177 classified as a Centaur asteroid by the IAU Minor Planet Center currently is in fact a Neptune Trojan. Numerical simulations indicate that it is librating on the tadpole-shaped orbit around the Neptune's L₄ point. It was captured into the current orbit approximately 0.23 million years ago, and will stay there for at least another 1.3 million years in the future. Its high inclination of i ≈ 54^° not only makes it the most inclined Neptune Trojan, but also makes it exhibit the complicated and interesting co-orbital transitions between the leading and trailing Trojans via the quasi-satellite orbit phase.  相似文献   

Effects of rainfall intensity and topography on rill development and rill characteristics on loessial hillslopes in China     

SHEN Hai-ou  ZHENG Fen-li  WANG Lei  WEN Lei-lei 《山地科学学报》2019,(10)

Rill development is a major soil erosion process that causes severe soil degradation.This study examined the effects of representative rainfall intensities(50 and 75 mm h-1),slope gradients(10°and 150),and slope lengths(7.5 and 10.0 m)on rill development and rill characteristics on loessial hillslopes in China.Loessial soil was collected from the cropland of Ansai Town,Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province.The soil with 28.3%sand,58.1%silt,and13.6%clay was packed into a soil pan to conduct rainfall simulations in 2012.The results showed that the time of the knickpoint occurrence(5-16 min),the rill headcut extension(9-33 min),and the mean headward erosion rate(1.7-5.o cm min-1)were better representative indicators for reflecting the changes in the rill development than other indicators used in this study.For a quick evaluation of the rill erosion severity,the rill coverage ratio(1%-12%,generallyincreasing with an increase in the rainfall intensity)was better than the other indicators for treatments with different rainfall intensities,and the rill width-depth ratio(1.56-2.27,generally decreasing with an increase in the slope gradient)was better than the other indicators for treatments with different slope gradients.Furthermore,the rill inclination angle(8.2°-19.1°,significantly increasing with an increase in the slope length)and rill density(0.19-1.34 m·m-2,generally increasing with an increase in the slope length)were more suitable for evaluating the rill erosion severity on hillslopes with different slope lengths.Therefore,the representative indicators could reflect the differences in the rill development and rill characteristics under different rainfall and topographic situations.The study greatly improved the evaluation of rill erosion severity and the prediction of the development of rills for loessial hillslopes.  相似文献